Discover Los Feliz

Spring Black

Colt 25 Black Airsoft – A Must-have in Your Shooting Kit

Are you a shooting enthusiast looking for compact size airsoft guns or BBs? Then, you will be interested to know about the Colt 25 Spring Airsoft Caliber Pistol. It is just 4.7 inches in length and weighs only 0.26 lbs. Small and lightweight, you can carry this gun in your coat pocket anywhere you want to!

Do not go by the size and doubt about its performance. With a 6 mm (0.24 inches) caliber, these Colt 25 Black Airsoft Guns can fire 15 rounds of 0.12g BB pellets. These pellet guns shoot spherical projectiles through the smoothbore barrel. Colt 25 Automatic Pistols have a muzzle velocity of 150 fps. Usually the energy developed by these guns is 0.12 joules and cannot penetrate skin. Though airsoft guns are designed to be less-lethal weapons, one should always remember that lightweight pellets can sting the human skin. Young players should wear safety clothes and goggles before they start their funfair.

"Hop-Up" is an interesting system in this BB gun. It creates friction while pellets are being shot through the barrel. Fighting gravity, wind resistance, and air friction, these guns will help you shoot up to 10 feet accurately. As the name suggests, Colt 25 Spring Airsoft Caliber Pistol has a single-action spring that has to be loaded before every shot.

Now let me tell you about its make. Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, ABS in short, is a kind of thermoplastic that has great resistance to impact (or shock), heat, and chemicals. This durable material is used to make airsoft guns especially BBs. Having been built with only a few breakable pieces, these guns last long for years. They work without the need of gas or batteries.

Complying with the federal law of the United States, Colt 25 Black Airsoft Guns are sold with an orange tip. You will find Colt 25 Automatic Pistols for unbelievable prices only at Sportsman Depot.

About the Author

www.sportsmans-depot.com/blog

Can I wear mid calf boots on a Spring night out, with black leggings and a tunic, or wear a different shoe?

I have a date this weekend, and need help with an outfit. I want to wear a black and white tunic / short babydoll dress with black leggings, and to add a little sex appeal, a pair of black leather mid calf boots to go with it. Is this an appropriate outfit to wear on a Spring night out? Or should I can the boots and wear a sandal or something. Are boots ok to wear in the Spring? Or should I pack them away and bring them out only in Fall and Winter months. It is a shame because I love them so much and love the way I look in them! Please help, I need fashion advice from those of you who are up to date on fashion, and could steer me in making the right decision here. Thank you!

As you said:

"It is a shame because I love them so much and love the way I look in them!"

If you love them and the way you look in them you should wear them.

Boots are a fashion, not a function.

Winter boots (boots with fur or other linings) are a function for cold weather. You would not want to wear winter boots in the spring, but you can wear regular boots in the spring. As long as you are comfortable in them, they are acceptable. With it being spring, and a night time date you are perfectly fine.

If it was 90 degrees out and in the middle of the day, I would think twice about wearing them. But for what you have planned you are good to go and should look great.

Black Sheep - The Choice Is Yours (Live) @ Yo MTV Raps (Spring Break) 1992 (HQ)

Scuba Dinghy

Yacht charter Bahamas

Crystal-clear waters of the deep blue sea, exotic beauty bearing the flavors of former British colonial life, not far from a high spirited casino; where else could you find it, but the Bahamas. Located in the Atlantic Ocean, the Bahamas, officially the Commonwealth of the Bahamas, is an English speaking country consisting of  29 islands, 661 cays and 2,387 rocks. Lying to the north of the Bahamas are the Abaco islands.

With miles of clean beaches, warm water teaming with sea life, this place has a lot to offer. The Middle Bahamas and Berry islands are places which never run out of activities including casinos, nightclubs and restaurants. The best way to take pleasure of these islands would be nothing better than cruising through the sea and exploring the variety of excitement this place has to offer.

If you are looking forward to enjoying a voyage while exploring various destinations amidst lavishness and world-class luxuries, taking a yacht charter in the Bahamas would be the best choice to make. Having a floating villa catering to your demands of comfort and privacy is a flattering experience. Chartering a yacht gives one the option of customizing every feature of one's vacations, making it nothing less than a five-star experience.

If you are craving the ultimate adventure, then snorkeling or scuba diving can be a great activity to be done. Snorkeling and scuba diving are the one of the best ways to become acquainted with the stunning beauty of the Bahamian reefs and the remarkable marine life. Some of our favorite scuba diving and snorkeling spots in the Bahamas are:

PARADISE ISLAND: The waters around Paradise Island are easy to explore. Some of the most popular scuba diving and snorkeling spots in the area are Rose Island Reefs, the Gambier Deep Reef, and Booby Rock Channel with wrecks lying in shallow water.

THE EXUMAS: Exuma Cays National Land and Sea Park lies to the southeast of Nassau. This park is the first of its kind anywhere on the planet. The 22-mile long, 8-mile wide natural preserve attracts scuba divers to its 453 sq. km (177 sq. miles) of sea gardens with spectacular reefs, flora, and fauna can only be accessed by a boat or a yacht.

ELEUTHERA: Eleuthera has some of greatest isolated beaches in the Bahamas where travelers can snorkel offshore in maximum privacy. . Another unique feature of Eleuthera is the Current Cut. This fast moving gully can carry you on a flowing underwater current for 10 minutes. With a yacht charter in the Bahamas at your service, these destinations remain not far from your vicinity.

Shroud Cay is another delight, not to be missed. It is an archipelago of small cays divided by creeks. The waterways it has to offer can only be explored by dinghy or wave runner. Taking a Yacht Charter in the Bahamas brings you to the delightful world of Paradise Islands and Atlantis Resorts before it resumes its cruise to Nassau.

Whether you prefer traditional classiness of an elegant sailing yacht or the modern, high performance motor yachts; the flexibility and the privacy these yachts offer are the ultimate treat. A good charter yacht broker will help you with choosing the ideal yacht but also the crew.

About the Author

Fraser Yachts specialize in Bahamas Yacht Charter and provide the most luxurious Bahama Charter Yachts

sinking of comino wreck P31 - part 1/3

Back Zip Jumpsuit

Lehenga Style Saree

Origin

Lehenga style saree is a form of readymade saree that arose from the need of an artistic yet easy to wear party wear. The easy to wear option of the garment tells the ladies just to slip into it and be ready in minutes. Stitched as a long flared skirt with a zip at the side, it is made to the measurements of the wearer. The ensemble needs to be slipped in, fasten the zipper and drape the pallu over the shoulders. This is an outfit for ladies who are not comfortable with usual drapping and pleating that the regular saree demands. This style of saree pallu has the dramatic effect of the matching dupatta of the conventional Lehenga Choli.

Embroidery and Embellishments

Various types of Embroidery patterns are employed according to the Lehenga Style saree. Bagh, Chikan, Kashida, Kasuti, Kantha, Sozni, Shisha, Zardozi etc. are some of the commonly practiced Embroidery in Lehenga Style Saree.

Bagh is a special kind of Embroidery done by women in Punjab to be worn during festivals and weddings. Bagh embroidery completely hides the base fabric and is a very heavy kind of embroidery. This Embroidery on Lehenga Style Saree is exquisite as often the cloth is barely visible and only the beautiful embroidery is visible. Kashida is a Kashmiri Embroidery type. This is very colorful and depicts Kashmir in its patterns. The other famous embroidery on Lehenga sarees are Kantha work and Kasuti work of Bangalore.

Various rich and exquisite embellishments are used on Lehenga Style sarees patterns which include Silver embroidery, Golden embroidery, Metal beads, Real pearls, wood beads, glass beads, mirror work, lace work, Kundan, sequins, glittering stones, zardozi etc. Mostly rich fabrics like silk, georgette, brasso, brocade, chiffon, crepe etc are used in the making of a Lehenga style saree.

Draping a Lehenga Style Saree

The method of draping this type of Saree is quite simple and easy. It's easier and tassle free than draping a regular saree. The plain end of the saree is tucked into the in skirt, making one complete round, similar to wearing a regular saree. At this point, pleats are formed in a regular saree whereas when it comes to a Lehenga Style Saree, one continues to tuck in without making any pleats. In a Lehenga Style Saree, pleats are replaced with embellished gotas or panels at the front, which imparts a flared silhouette that is characteristic of a Lehenga Style Saree. Finally, the pallu is draped over the shoulder like a regular saree.

The only difference between a Lehenga style saree and a regular saree is that it doesn't require pleats to be formed at the front. Few Lehenga style saris come with side hooks too. Hook it and fix technique fits the Lehenga style saree snugly around the waist.

References

Boulanger, Chantal; (1997) Saris: An Illustrated Guide to the Indian Art of Draping, Shakti Press International, New York.

Mohapatra, R. P. (1992) "Fashion styles of ancient India", B. R. Publishing corporation, ISBN 81-7018-723-0

External links

Lehenga Style Saree Lehenga Style Saree

v  d  e

Clothing

Materials

Cotton  Fur  Leather  Linen  Nylon  Polyester  Rayon  Silk  Spandex  Wool

Tops

Blouse  Crop top  Dress shirt  Halterneck  Henley shirt  Hoodie  Jersey  Guernsey (clothing)  Polo shirt  Shirt  Sleeveless shirt  Sweater  T-shirt  Tube top  Turtleneck

Trousers or pants

Bell-bottoms  Bermuda shorts  Bondage pants  Boxer shorts  Capri pants  Cargo pants  Culottes  Cycling shorts  Dress pants  Jeans  Jodhpurs  Overall  Parachute pants  Shorts  Sweatpants  Windpants

Skirts

A-line skirt  Ballerina skirt  Fustanella  Hobble skirt  Jean skirt  Job skirt  Leather skirt  Kilt  Men's skirts  Microskirt  Miniskirt  Pencil skirt  Poodle skirt  Prairie skirt  Rah-rah skirt  Sarong  Skort  Slip  Train  Wrap

Dresses

Ball gown  Cocktail dress  Evening gown  Gown  Jumper dress  Little black dress  Petticoat  Sari  Sundress  Tea gown  Wedding dress

Suits and uniforms

Academic dress  Afrocentric suit  Black tie  Buddhist monastic robe  Clerical clothing  Court dress  Gymslip  Jumpsuit  Lab coat  Mao suit  Morning dress  Pantsuit  Red Sea rig  Scrubs  Stroller  Tangzhuang  Tuxedo  White tie

Outerwear

Abaya  Academic gown  Anorak  Apron  Blazer  Cloak  Coat  Duffle coat  Frock coat  Jacket  Greatcoat  Hoodie  Opera coat  Overcoat  Pea coat  Poncho  Raincoat  Redingote  Robe  Shawl  Shrug  Ski suit  Sleeved blanket  Top coat  Trench coat  Vest  Waistcoat  Windbreaker

Underwear

Boxer briefs  Boxer shorts  Brassiere  Briefs  Compression shorts  Corselet  Corset  Knickers  Lingerie  Long underwear  Men's undergarments  Panties  Teddy  Trunks  Undershirt

Accessories

Belly chain  Belt  Bow tie  Chaps  Coin purse  Earring  Gaiters  Gloves  Handbag  Leg warmer  Leggings  Necklace  Necktie  Scarf  Stocking  Sunglasses  Suspenders  Tights

Footwear

Athletic shoe  Boot  Dress shoe  Flip-flops  Hosiery  Pump  Sandal  Shoe  Slipper  Sock

Headwear

Balaclava  Cap  Fascinator  Gaung Paung  Hat  Headband  Helmet  Hijab  Hood  Kerchief  Mantilla  Niqb  Sombrero  Turban  Ushanka  Veil

Nightwear

Babydoll  Blanket sleeper  Negligee  Nightcap  Nightgown  Nightshirt  Peignoir  Pajamas

Swimwear

Bikini  Swim diaper  Wetsuit

Clothing parts

Back closure  Buckle  Button  Buttonhole  Collar  Cuff  Elastic  Fly  Hemline  Hook-and-eye  Lapel  Neckline  Pocket  Shoulder pad  Shoulder strap  Sleeve  Snap  Strap  Velcro  Waistline  Zipper

National costume

Abaya  Aboyne dress  o b ba  o di  o t thn  Baro't saya  Barong Tagalog  Bunad  jbningurinn  Cheongsam  Dashiki  Deel  Dhoti  Dirndl  Djellaba  Gkti  Gho & Kira  Han Chinese clothing  Hanbok  Jellabiya  Jilbb  Kebaya  Kente cloth  Kilt  Kimono  Lederhosen  Sampot  Sarafan  Sari  Sarong  Scottish dress

Historical garments

Banyan  Bedgown  Bodice  Braccae  Breeches  Breeching  Brunswick  Chemise  Chiton  Chlamys  Doublet  Exomis  Farthingale  Frock  Himation  Hose  Houppelande  Jerkin  Justacorps  Palla  Peplos  Polonaise  Smock-frock  Stola  Toga  Tunic

History and surveys

Africa  Ancient Greece  Ancient Rome  Ancient world  Anglo-Saxon  Byzantine  Clothing terminology  Dress code  Early Medieval Europe  Formal wear  Han Chinese clothing  History of clothing and textiles  History of Western fashion series (1100s-2000s)  Sumptuary law  Timeline of clothing and textiles technology  Undergarments  Vietnam  Women wearing pants

See also

Adaptive clothing  Adult diaper  Bathrobe  Costume  Fashion  Ironing  Laundry  Locking clothing  Reversible garment

Categories: Bangladeshi clothing | Dresses | Indian clothing | Pakistani clothing | Saris
About the Author

I am a professional writer from China Suppliers, which contains a great deal of information about $keyword_li, welcome to visit!

What's your preference, clothes that fasten in front or ones that fasten in back?

Ever since I was small, I myself have preferred clothes that zip in back, including dresses, skiurts, sweaters, pants, and jumpsuits -- in short, all the things I wear on a regular basis.

Just depends on what you are wearing. Skirts, back. sweaters, front. pants, front. jumpsuits, either one a favorable. dresses, back.

TRU-SPEC 24-7 Series Ripstop Jumpsuit by US Cavalry

Liquid Force Alpha

Antifreeze protein

Non-colligative properties

Unlike the widely used automotive antifreeze, ethylene glycol, AFPs do not lower freezing point in proportion to concentration. Rather, they work in a non-colligative manner. This allows them to act as an antifreeze at concentrations 300-500 times lower than other dissolved solutes. This minimizes their effect on osmotic pressure. The unusual capabilities of AFPs are attributed to their binding ability at specific ice crystal surfaces.

Thermal hysteresis

AFPs create a difference between the melting point and freezing point known as thermal hysteresis. The addition of AFPs at the interface between solid ice and liquid water inhibits the thermodynamically favored growth of the ice crystal. Ice growth is kinetically inhibited by the AFPs covering the water-accessible surfaces of ice.

Thermal hysteresis is easily measured in the lab with a nanolitre osmometer. Different organisms have different values of thermal hysteresis. The maximum level of thermal hysteresis shown by fish AFP is approximately -1.5 C (2.7 F). However, insect antifreeze proteins are 1030 times more active than any known fish protein. This is probably because insects encounter lower temperatures on land than the 1C or 2C that fish face in freezing waters. During the extreme winter months, the spruce budworm can battle temperatures approaching 30C and resist freezing, though the Alaskan beetle Upis ceramboides can survive in a temperature of  60C by using an antifreeze molecule that is not composed of proteins.

The rate of cooling can influence the thermal hysteresis value of AFPs. Rapid cooling can substantially decrease the non-equilibrium freezing point and hence the thermal hysteresis value. This means that organisms may not be able to adapt to their subzero environment if the temperature drops abruptly.

Freeze tolerance versus freeze avoidance

Species containing AFPs may be classified as:

Freeze avoidant: These species are able to prevent their body fluids from freezing altogether. Generally, the AFP function may be overcome at extremely cold temperatures, leading to rapid ice growth and death.

Freeze tolerant: These species are able to survive body fluid freezing. Some freeze tolerant species are thought to use AFPs as cryoprotectants to prevent the damages of freezing but not freezing altogether. The exact mechanism is still unknown. However, it is thought that AFPs may inhibit recrystallization and stabilize cell membranes to prevent damage by ice. They may work in conjunction with protein ice nucleators (PINs) to control the rate of ice propagation following freezing.

Diversity

There are many known non-homologous types of AFP.

Fish AFPs

Figure 1. The three faces of Type I AFP

Antifreeze glycoproteins or AFGPs are found in Antarctic notothenioids and northern cod. They are 2.6-3.3 kD.

Type I AFPs are found in winter flounder and shorthorn sculpin. They are the best documented AFP because it was the first to have its 3D structure determined. Type I AFPs consist of a single, long, amphipathic alpha helix. They are approximately 3.3-4.5 kD in size. There are three faces to the 3D structure: the hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and Thr-Asx face.

Type I-hyp AFP (where hyp stands for hyperactive) are found in several righteye flounders. It is approximately 32 kD (two 17 kD dimeric molecule). The protein was isolated from the blood plasma of winter flounder. It is considerably better at depressing freezing temperature than most fish AFPs.

Type II AFPs are found in sea raven, smelt and herring. They are cysteine-rich globular proteins containing five disulfide bonds.

Type III AFPs are found in Antarctic eelpout. They exhibit similar overall hydrophobicity at ice binding surfaces to type I AFPs. They are approximately 6kD in size.

Type IV AFPs are found in longhorn sculpins. They are alpha helical proteins rich in glutamate and glutamine. This protein is approximately 12KDa in size and consists of a 4 helix bundle. Its only post-translational modification is a pyroglutamate residue, a cyclized glutamine residue at its N-terminal. Scientists at the University of Guelph in Canada are currently examining the role of this pyroglutame residue in the antifreeze activity of type IV AFP from the longhorn sculpin.

Insect AFPs

Cartoon representation of the molecular structure of an insect cysteine-rich antifreeze protein.

Type V AFPs are the hyperactive (i.e. greater thermal hysteresis value) AFPs found in insects.

Tenebrio and Dendroides AFPs are both found in different insect families. They are very similar to one another. These AFPs consist of varying numbers of 12- or 13-mer repeats of approximately 8.3 to 12.5 kD. Throughout the length of the amino acid, at least every sixth is a cysteine residue. They are also hyperactive.

Plant AFPS

The classification of AFPs became more complicated when antifreeze proteins from plant were discovered. Plant AFPs are rather different from the other AFPs in the following aspects:

They have much weaker thermal hysteresis activity when compared to other AFPs.

Their physiological function is likely in inhibiting the recrystallization of ice rather than in the preventing ice formation.

Most of them are evolved pathogenesis-related proteins, sometimes retaining antifungal properties.

See also dehydrin

Evolution

The remarkable diversity and distribution of AFPs suggests that the different types evolved recently in response to sea level glaciation occurring 1-2 million years ago in the Northern hemisphere and 10-30 million years ago in Antarctica. This independent development of similar adaptations is referred to as convergent evolution. There are two reasons why many types of AFPs are able to carry out the same function despite their diversity: 1. Although ice is uniformly composed of oxygen and hydrogen, it has many different surfaces exposed for binding. Different types of AFPs may interact with different surfaces. 2. Although the five types of AFPs differ in their primary sequence of amino acids, when each folds into a functioning protein they may share similarities in their 3D or tertiary structure that facilitates the same interactions with ice.

Mechanisms of action

AFPs are thought to inhibit growth via an adsorptionnhibition mechanism. They adsorb to non-basal planes of ice, inhibiting thermodynamically favored ice growth. The presence of a flat, rigid surface in AFPs seems to facilitate its interaction with ice via Van der Waals force surface complementarity.

Binding to ice

Normally, ice crystals grown in solution only exhibit the basal (0001) and prism faces (1010) and appear as round and flat discs. However, it appears the presence of AFPs exposes other faces. It now appears that the ice surface 2021 is the preferred binding surface, at least for AFP type I. Through studies on type I AFP, it was initially thought that ice and AFP interacted through hydrogen bonding (Raymond and DeVries, 1977). However, when parts of the protein that were thought to facilitate this hydrogen bonding were mutated, the hypothesized decrease in antifreeze activity was not observed. Recent data suggests that hydrophobic interactions could be the main contributor. It is difficult to discern the exact mechanism of binding because of the complex water-ice interface. Currently, attempts to uncover the precise mechanism are being made through use of molecular modelling programs (molecular dynamics or Monte Carlo method).

History

In the 1950s, Canadian scientist Scholander set out to explain how Arctic fish can survive in water colder than the freezing point of their blood. His experiments led him to believe there was ntifreeze in the blood of Arctic fish. Then in the late 1960s, animal biologist Arthur DeVries was able to isolate the antifreeze protein through his investigation of Antarctic fish. AFGPs were the first AFPs to be discovered. At the time they were called "glycoproteins as biological antifreeze agents". These proteins were later called antifreeze glycoproteins (AFGPs) or antifreeze glycopeptides to distinguish them from newly discovered non-glycoprotein biological antifreeze agents (AFPs). DeVries worked with Robert Feeney (1970) to characterize the chemical and physical properties of antifreeze proteins. In 1992, Griffith et al. documented their discovery of AFP in winter rye leaves. Around the same time, Urrutia, Duman and Knight (1992) documented thermal hysteresis protein in angiosperms. The next year, Duman and Olsen noted AFPs had also been discovered in over 23 species of angiosperms, including ones eaten by humans. As well, they reported their presence in fungi and bacteria.

Name change

Recent attempts have been made to relabel antifreeze proteins as ice structuring proteins in order to more accurately represent their function and to dispose of any assumed negative relation between AFPs and automotive antifreeze, ethylene glycol. These two things are completely separate entities, and show loose similarity only in their function.

Commercial applications

Commercially, there appear to be countless applications for antifreeze proteins. Numerous fields would be able to benefit from the protection of tissue damage by freezing. Businesses are currently investigating the use of these proteins in:

increasing freeze tolerance of crop plants and extending the harvest season in cooler climates

improving farm fish production in cooler climates

lengthening shelf life of frozen foods

improving cryosurgery

enhancing preservation of tissues for transplant or transfusion in medicine

therapy for hypothermia

Recent news

One recent, successful business endeavor has been the introduction of AFPs into ice cream and yogurt products. This ingredient, labelled ice-structuring protein, has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration. The proteins are isolated from fish and replicated, on a larger scale, in yeast.

There is concern from anti-genetic modification (GM) organizations, arguing modified antifreeze proteins may cause inflammation. However, as stated, ISPs have been approved for human consumption following diligent tests. Intake of AFPs in diet is likely substantial in most northerly and temperate regions already. Given the known historic consumption of AFPs, it is safe to conclude their functional properties do not impart any toxicologic or allergenic effects in humans.

As well, the transgenic process of ISP production is widely used in society already. This is how mass amounts of insulin are made to treat people with type I diabetes each year. The process does not impact the product, it merely makes production more efficient and prevents the death of many fish who would, otherwise, be killed for the extraction of such protein.

Currently, Unilever incorporates AFPs into some of its products, including some popsicles and a new line of Breyers Light Double Churned ice cream bars. In ice cream, AFPs allow the production of very creamy, dense, reduced fat ice cream with fewer additives. They control ice crystal growth brought on by thawing on the loading dock or kitchen table which drastically reduces texture quality.

In November 2009 the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences published the discovery of a molecule in an Alaskan beetle that behaves like AFPs, but is composed of saccharides and fatty acids

References

^ a b c J. Madura. (2001). Fishy Proteins: Projects in Scientific Computing

^ a b c d e f G.L. Fletcher, C.L. Hew, and P.L. Davies. (2001). Antifreeze Proteins of Teleost Fishes. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 63, 35990

^ a b c d A. Jorov, B.S. Zhorov and D.S. Yang. (2004). Theoretical study of interaction of winter flounder antifreeze protein with ice. Protein Science. 13, 1524-1537

^ Walters KR Jr, Serianni AS, Sformo T, Barnes BM, Duman JG (2009). "A nonprotein thermal hysteresis-producing xylomannan antifreeze in the freeze-tolerant Alaskan beetle Upis ceramboides" (HTML). PNAS Epub ahead of print. PMID 19934038. 

^ a b c J.G. Duman. (2001). Antifreeze and Ice Nucleator Proteins in Terrestrial Arthropods. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 63, 32757.

^ a b c d R.W.R Crevel, J.K. Fedyk and M.J. Spurgeon. (2002). Antifreeze proteins: characteristics, occurrence and human exposure (Review). Food and Chemical Toxicology 20, 899-903.

^ a b J. Duman and A.L. DeVries. (1976). Isolation, characterization and physical properties of protein antifreezes from the Winter Flounder Pseudopleunectus Americanus. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B54, 375380.

^ Scotter, A. J.; et al. (2006). "The basis for hyperactivity of antifreeze proteins". Cryobiology 53 (2): 229239. doi:10.1016/j.cryobiol.2006.06.006. PMID 16887111. 

^ N. Ng and C. Hew (1992). Structure of antifreeze polypeptide from sea raven: Disulfide bonds and similarity to lectin-binding proteins. J. Biol. Chem. 267, 16069-16075.

^ a b c G. Deng, D.W. Andrews and R.A. Laursen. (1997). Amino acid sequence of a new type of antifreeze protein, from the longhorn sculpin Myoxocephalus octodecimspinosis. FEBS Lett. 402:1, 17-20.

^ Graham, Laurie A.; et al. (1997). "Hyperactive antifreeze protein from beetles". Nature 388 (6644): 727728. doi:10.1038/41908. PMID 9285581. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v388/n6644/abs/388727a0.html. 

^ M. Griffith et al. (1992). Antifreeze Protein Produced Endogenously in Winter Rye Leaves. Plant Physiology 100:2, 593-596.

^ a b c M. Griffith and M. Yaish. (2004). Antifreeze proteins in overwintering plants: a tale of two activities. Trends in Plant Science 9:8, 399-405.

^ Convergent evolution of antifreeze glycoproteins in Antarctic notothenioid fish and Arctic cod

^ Raymond, J.; DeVries, A. L. (1977). "Adsorption inhibition as a mechanism of freezing resistance in polar fishes". PNAS 74 (6): 25892593. doi:10.1073/pnas.74.6.2589. http://www.pnas.org/content/74/6/2589.abstract. 

^ Raymond, J.; et al. (1989). "Inhibition of growth of nonbasal planes in ice by fish antifreezes". PNAS 86 (3): 881885. doi:10.1073/pnas.86.3.881. PMID 2915983. PMC 286582. http://www.pnas.org/content/86/3/881.abstract. 

^ Yang, D. S.; et al. (1998). "Identification of the ice-binding surface on a type III antifreeze protein with a "flatness function" algorithm". Biophysical Journal 74 (5): 21422151. doi:10.1016/S0006-3495(98)77923-8. PMID 9591641. 

^ C. Night, C. Cheng and A. DeVries. (1991). Adsorption of alpha-helical antifreeze peptides on specific ice surface planes. Biophys. J. 59, 409-418.

^ A. Haymett, L. Ward and M. Harding. (1998). Valine substituted winter flounder 'antifreeze': preservation of ice growth hysteresis. FEBS LETT. 430, 301.

^ a b DeVries, Arthur L.; Wohlschlag, Donald E. (1969). "Freezing Resistance in Some Antarctic Fishes". Science 163 (3871): 10731075. doi:10.1126/science.163.3871.1073. 

^ De Vries, A. L.; Komatsu, S. K.; Feeney, R. E. (1970). "Chemical and physical properties of freezing point-depressing glycoproteins from Antarctic fishes". J Biol Chem. 245 (11): 29012908. PMID 5488456. 

^ Duman, J. G.; Olsen, T. M. (1993). "Thermal hysteresis protein activity in bacteria, fungi and phylogenetically diverse plants". Cryobiology 30: 322328. doi:10.1006/cryo.1993.1031. 

^ Ice structuring proteins - a new name for antifreeze proteins

^ Antifreeze proteins and their genes: From basic research to business opportunity

^ Science Daily

^ Dortch, Eloise. (2006). Fishy GM yeast used to make ice-cream. Network of Concerned Farmers. Retrieved October 09, 2006

^ Creamy, Healthier Ice Cream? What the Catch?

^ A. Regand, HD. Goff et al. (2006). Ice recrystallization inhibition in ice cream as affected by ice structuring proteins from winter wheat grass. J Dairy Sci. 89:1, 49-57.

^ Walters KR Jr, Serianni AS, Sformo T, Barnes BM, Duman JG (2009). "A nonprotein thermal hysteresis-producing xylomannan antifreeze in the freeze-tolerant Alaskan beetle Upis ceramboides" (HTML). PNAS Epub ahead of print. PMID 19934038. 

Further reading

Haymett, A.; Ward, L.; Harding, M. (1999). "Winter Flounder 'anti-freeze' proteins: Synthesis and ice growth inhibition of analogues that probe the relative importance of hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding interactions". Journal of the American Chemical Society 121 (5): 941948. doi:10.1021/ja9801341. ISSN 00027863. 

Sicheri, F.; Yang, D. S. (1995). "Ice-binding structure and mechanism of an antifreeze protein from winter flounder". Nature 375 (6530): 427431. doi:10.1038/375427a0. PMID 7760940. 

External links

Cold, Hard Fact: Fish Antifreeze Produced in Pancreas

Categories: Proteins | Cryobiology
About the Author

I am Frbiz Site writer, reports some information about domino sets , poker folding table top.

Liquid Force Alpha Closed Toe Boot 2009

Strapped Swim Cap

Adventures to the End of the Earth in Christchurch, New Zealand

It may be at the end of the earth for many international travelers but in a lot of ways that's part of the reason it's so great. I can't guarantee that you'll run into pirates on your travels through Christchurch but I can assure you of a truly unforgettable experience.

Christchurch is in the heart of New Zealand's South Island, far removed from the overcrowded tourist hot spots of Europe, fighting in the Middle East and pollution in Asia. This is an area of rare beauty, offering visitors the chance to experience the snow capped ski fields of the Southern Alps one day and swim with dolphins the next.

New Zealand & Australia, aren't they the same place?

New Zealand is often linked hand in hand with Australia and while they share a lot of cultural similarities, there are huge differences when it comes to why you would visit either. Australia is a South Pacific getaway blessed with beautiful beaches, friendly people and a whole lot of nothing called the outback. New Zealand shares the friendly people but offers a different experience, rich in cultural history, adrenaline pumping adventure sport, spectacular sightseeing, memorable landscapes and unique wildlife.

Christchurch encapsulates all things good about New Zealand and serves them to you on a plate, a new and exciting attraction never more than a couple of hours away. If you've seen the Lord of the Rings movies then you might have noticed some of the amazing environments that cover the New Zealand's South Island. These were no CGI special effects; all these places are just a stone throw from Christchurch and can be part of an amazing vacation, holiday or tour. Be the envy of your friends as you showoff your vacation pictures with pride.

Christchurch sightseeing & attractions

Christchurch and the wider Canterbury region has a strong English heritage and much of this still remains in the city area. Visitors can enjoy a punt along the Avon River, a sightseeing experience on the Tramway or Gondola, a stroll through the majestic Hagley Park or delight in the wonderful Botanical Gardens. Christchurch is New Zealand's garden city and proudly displays this in the sheer number of beautiful gardens citywide.

New Zealand's unique location on the globe has led to Christchurch becoming the world's link to Antarctica. This amazing continent of frozen ice can be experienced from Christchurch's International Antarctic Centre. More than just learning about Antarctica, visitors can experience icy slopes, sheltering in an ice cave, braving an Antarctic storm and many more fun activities.

Venturing out of Christchurch, head towards the charming French influenced town of Akaroa. Just an hour's drive from Christchurch, Akaroa is located on the South Island's Banks Peninsula, an amazing area where numerous outdoor activities can be enjoyed year round. Kayak along an extinct volcano, hike through beautiful walking tracks, enjoy spectacular harbour cruises, mountain bike along coastal hills and enjoy the magical experience of swimming with dolphins. Akaroa's rich cultural history complements these activities and creates an experience that alone makes a trip to Christchurch worthwhile.

Christchurch adventure sport

So you've taken in the sights, experienced the city and seen the surrounding areas, what's next you ask? Well why not try the uniquely New Zealand experience of adventure sport! Strap on a parachute, hook on a bungy chord, clip on some skis and hold on for some exhilarating jet boating, white water rafting and more! Christchurch is a stones throw from all these fun adventure sports and more, you don't have to be a pro athlete to enjoy them and they'll be something you'll remember for the rest of your life. Feel the rush as you jump head first from a bridge or plane and let the wild rivers of New Zealand give you the rush of a lifetime as you surge down rapids on a jet boating or rafting adventure. There are a lot of quality tour options available and you'll enjoy the experience even more as you meet new faces and friendly characters along the way.

If you want something unique and adventurous in a world that is fast losing new and exciting destinations then head to Christchurch, New Zealand. Whether it's part of wider New Zealand experience or a specific South Island adventure, you won't be disappointed. Head to the edge of the earth and see a world you never knew existed. If Middle Earth were truly real you would find it right here in Christchurch, New Zealand.

About the Author

Rene Smith is a travel guru who works in Christchurch, New Zealand. His passion is travel and in particular promoting his home country of New Zealand as a fun and exciting tourist destination. Other than writing articles, he runs a Christchurch travel website which details everything you need to know about Christchurch.

I'd like to buy such a swim cap,as I have very long hair ! where could I get such model ? w/ chin strap ?

http://www.hollyvoguevintage.com/swimcap1b.jpg

To name a few:

http://www.swimoutlet.com/product_p/15111.htm

http://www.swimoutlet.com/product_p/10105.htm

http://www.swimoutlet.com/product_p/15109.htm

http://www.amazon.com/Swim-Cap-Chin-Strap-White/dp/B001U83SFU

http://www.lane4swim.com/wagebucapwst.html

Also I'm sure E-bay, and that Amazon has a lot more.

Southern Gangsta Intro W/LYRICS